Saturday, February 27, 2010

Leadership Theories

Research has unveiled the many different aspects of the increasingly applicable and popular phenomenon-Leadership.The leadership styles, traits and theories, all are the result of the variety of analysis and different experiences.
The leadership theories are the result of such great effort. There lie the diversities of theories, depending on the varying situation and circumstances; the three most distinct are the trait theory, behavioral theory and contingency theory.
Trait Theory Of Leadership
Trait theory is derived from the “Great Man” theory and, it is based on the characteristics of people. It gives the impression that the effectiveness of leadership depends on the individual’s leadership characteristics. It deals with the personality, character and skills of the leaders.
Studies has shown that the effective leadership is deeply connected to the mental alertness of the leader, communication skills, confidence, thinking, time management and the persistence in his actions and plans.The more visionary the leader, the higher the probability is of success. The theory also emphasizes on the responsible behavior of the leader.
However, the trait theory is not universally applicable for the recent studies have unveiled the weak link between the leadership traits and the effective leadership. Moreover, the more advanced research are conducted, the different traits crop up. There can not be made the clear cut line of what traits a leader should acquire.
Also, the statistics reveal that the effective leader of the history did not possess all those traits and skills. It can be said that the choice of traits and skills to be exercised varies with the situation but, this theory does not outline these traits.
Based on this theory, it is concluded that leadership is the in born capability rather than the acquired one.
The leadership traits long with some necessary skills if applied well, keeping in view the situation leads to the overall success. Overall, there needs to be balanced approach in applying those possessed skills.
Behavioral Theory Of Leadership
Behavioral theory of leadership deals with the behavior of the leaders towards its subordinates.The autocratic leadership style, the democratic style, the employee-centered style etc; all are based on this leadership theory.
This theory focuses on the actions of the leaders rather than mental capabilities of the leader or their general traits. This theory creates the impression that the leadership is “learning” process. It leads to the idea of the “leadership Development” process.
This theory is universal for it highlights the behavior to be adopted subjected to different challenging situations and, the success factor can be well analyzed and can be polished for greater outcome.
Contingency Theory Of Leadership
The trait theory and the behavioral theory have not catered best to the diversified needs of the today’s fast-pace developing world as the time proved that the effective leadership does not only rely on the personality traits and behavior on an individual, the surrounding situation matters too. This evolved the contingency theory of leadership which concludes that the leadership styles to be adopted, differs with varying situations.
The leaders can not exercise the particular traits or behavior when dealing with all the situations, there needs to be change in the approach and the behavior based on the situations for an effective leadership. The situational variables include the extent of power granted to the leader; the nature of task, i.e. whether the goals are well explained or distorted and, the relationship between the leader and the followers.
Based on this theory, these situational factors are analyzed. If the power to be exercised by the leader is greater and the relationship between the followers and the leader consists of mutual understanding and good communication and the goal is clearly outlined, the democratic style is to be preferred. If there lays the contrary situation, the theory advises the leader to adopt the autocratic style.
However, if the situation is overall favorable with one missing element i.e. the authority to be exercised by the leader ranges widely and the communication between the followers and the leader is appreciable, too; and the goal is not well defined, then the employee-centered style is generally preferred, which focuses on the human relationships to attaining the task.

Body Language Does Matter In Leadership!

Body language is the fire of today’s discussion irrespective of the job, status and the age. The psychologists suggest that body languages communicate more than your verbal language there by proving the adage; actions speak louder than words, true.
Indeed, the body language communication is detrimental to the success of the individual and the team as, the fundamental elements of triumph such as inspiration, motivation and dedication can be deeply cultivated in the followers through the positive body movements. The use of space around, the gestures, the facial expression, all should infuse the feeling of warmth, motivation and confidence in the individuals. Therefore, it is imperative for the leader to design the movements thoughtfully as any mistake can explode the basis of victory within no time!
The extra usage of the body movements like smiling, moving here and there and constantly dressing your outfit; all these actions distracts the attention of the team mates and drift them away from the exact motive of the discussion. A lot of movement shows that you are a nervous man.
Moreover, the extra smiling faces are taken less seriously by the followers, too. However, smiling face at appropriate time infuse the aura of warmth and confidence.
The eye movements are of immense importance in coaching and guiding the team mates.firstly; do not focus your attention and eye movements on few selected people. This would demotivate the others and would not inspire them to give their best. Consequently, the team would lose the individualism and creativity in their task as those ignored faces would never come up with the ideas that would unleash their talent.
Secondly, when listening to an individual suggestion or query, maintain a firm eye contact for, it leaves the impression to the follower that he is equally important for the designated task and his efforts and ideas would influence the yield greatly. Feeling of being respected and valued would engulf the very existence of him and he would be more committed to his work.
The mouth and lip movements indicate let others read your mind. Twisting and turning of lips and turning the lips to one side suggest that you are either too confused or you are thinking some thing else and saying other thing, all leaving an impression that their something to be kept hidden.
Standing tall, with shoulders kept high and relaxed boost up the morale and confidence of the followers as these are the signs of leader being confident and positive.
Don’t have the gesture of being low and droopy if you are tired for it is interpreted by the follower as if you are disinterested in the task.
Just do not go on with the abrupt decisions or do not let the tinge of sadness or tension mask your face for it loses your confidence and the feeling of trust that followers have on you would evaporate in to nothingness.
Touch is more powerful means of communication. It bridges the gulf and cultivates stronger and lasting relationships. The leaders must shake firmly with all team workers at the end of meeting and must pat them for their good work. It inculcates the feeling of being more connected and the followers would be more comfortable with him. This superb feeling of comfort would allow them to come up with the best of their work.
The leaning forward in the meeting towards the followers leaves one to think as that the task has to be done as soon as possible. The hastiness then swept the very nook of the decisions and followers then act on their thoughts without giving a second glance.
In open discussions session, the hands in pocket, clenched fist, clenching an object firmly or a foot at back conveys closed nonverbal signals, giving an impression that you are uncertain of your actions, resulting in a feeling of disinterest and lack of trust among the subordinates. The contrary actions then suggest that you are too sure of your abilities and have nothing to be kept secret from the followers.
Do not cross your hands or have crossed legs in a meeting for it implies that you are confused in the wild jigsaw of the task and, therefore are too uncertain. It makes others feel that you are not open to others opinion or ideas, too. The best gesture of hands and arms is to keep aside which unveils your confidence on your abilities.
As a leader you are always communicating through verbal and non-verbal communication and, both types of communication means a lot when it comes to have an effective, influential leadership. Your body language reflects your thinking, your strength of words, and your character and last but not the least your influence and success hence; it is of great importance to keep a firm look on it to steer out of this phase of test as a conquering leader.

Thursday, February 25, 2010

Great Transformational Leaders Of The Time

History has produced various dynamic transformational leaders that have changed the course of the history and gave human being an undeniable exemplary leadership lessons. The great leaders transformed the ideals of the people into the realities by having an attainable yet, transformed vision, in harmony with the demands of the people and adopted the diverse strategies to accomplish the organized goal.
Transformational Leadership, as defined by Burns (1978) is “it recognizes and exploits the existing need or demand of a potential follower....and looks for potential motives in followers, seeks to satisfy higher need and engages the full person of the follower(cited in Changing Minds.org.n.d).”
Burns has further classified the transformational leaders in to four major categories i.e.charismatic, revolutionaries, reformers and intellectuals based on varying characteristics but over all the impact are to influence and transform the strategies and plans to get beyond what the situation possibly appears to give.
According to burns, Charismatic Leaders are the one who inspire and motivate others through their heroic alluring acts; The Intellectual Leader is a person with a vision that can transform society by raising social consciousness; Revolutionary Leaders bring complete and pervasive transformation of an entire social system and, the Reformer Leaders transform parts of society to realize moral principles.
Charismatic leaders
• Muhammad (PBUH) As A Transformational Leader
Muhammad (PBUH) is the great transformational leader for all time to come. He with his character and manners steered the ill nation of the Arabia out of the darkness and showed them the path full of promised success, peace and love.
He gave humanity a moral set of conduct and the laws in all the aspect of life. From eating to drinking, from dressing to traveling, from behavior at home to behavior in dealings and with the neighbors, friends and relatives, from state laws to foreign policy and rules in war in peace; in short he, through his actions, he presented himself as a perfect model in moral, spiritual, economics, political and social areas of life. He transformed the whole humanity for all times to come through his exemplary teachings and actions.
http://makkah.wordpress.com/leadership-and-islam/
Revolutionary Leader
• Martin Luther King
Martin Luther King is the illustrious revolutionary transformational leader as he brought the revolution in the social life of America through his words and actions.the equal civil rights for all irrespective of the acts creed and was the aim of this eminent leader and his efforts bore fruit when for the first time the Afro-American President “Barack Obama” was elected as the 44th president of United States Of America.
His famous speech “I have a Dream” has taken as the way to transforming the society. It shows just what kind of leader he was; a man who was very effective at what he did. He transformed the thoughts of the masses and kindled the light of universal equality on the land of “world Super Power.”
http://jonestown.sdsu.edu/AboutJonestown/JonestownReport/Volume10/Parrish.htm
Reformers
• Alexander The Great

Alexander the young, invincible leader had the simple yet intriguing vision to win and rule the vast world. This leads to the commencement of many conquests. It includes the battle of Persia (now known as Iran), the most successful heroic tale in history. Alexander led the army of t35, 000 soldiers and confronted the deadly weapons of Persians, resulting in the lasting triumph. His victory opened the way to many Asian countries for him. He continued his quest and marched along the coast of Syria, then d to Phoenicia in south and captured Tyre. Further, captured Gaza in just three months. Alexander then captured Egypt, which was ruled by Persian ruler King Darius.
He continued the conquests to satisfy his thirst of ruling the world and, brought the whole world under his strong, dynamic control.
http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/11-24-2004-62075.asp
Intellectuals
• Jeremy Bentham

Jeremy Bentham had been the renowned intellectual leader of the Europe as he waged war for the true social and legal laws irrespective of status quo. Bentham's life work was the advocacy of a clear, coherent, humane, and simplified legal system. He put constant stress to the undeniable fact that the purpose of the law is to bring everyone to their justified end by rewarding and punishing them for their actions.His all efforts revolve around the famous phrase by Hutcheson "the happiness of the greatest number."
http://www.historyhome.co.uk/people/bentham.htm
These famous and worth-praising leaders are the examples for today’s generation, each exposing the real sense and meaning of life and, motivating the individuals to attain their visualized life by living for their dreams.

Monday, February 15, 2010

Focusing On the Leadership challenges


We aim above the mark to hit the mark- Ralph Waldo Emerson

The complex demanding world is constantly under the damning circumstances and dire threats. To cope up with the stemming problems effectively, an influential leadership is in the list of “most wanted.” However, the influential and successful leadership is only the result of overcoming the upcoming challenges aptly. The challenges of the leadership are deep rooted and diverse and only a very multi-skilled, intellectual person is the only ray of hope in this bleaking, sweeping darkness.
The article brings in to lame light the forthcoming leadership challenges.
Developing The Futures Of Tomorrow
The most imperative challenge an authentic leader faces is carving the future of tomorrow. In fact, it is the guarantee of being a successful leader as only those leaders are remembered in the history that produces the good leaders.
The effective leadership transfers its outstanding qualities in the subordinates in order to evolve the leader who can lead the organization tomorrow. The best way to fulfill this greatest responsibility is by being example of those traits i.e. it have integrity in his actions. He must have good communication skills and must mean its words, too.
Over Reliance On Leaders
The leaders are entitled with the responsibility to guide the masses and be the source of hope and inspiration in the stony, curved path. They are not the one to do the tasks all the times. However many subordinates rely for all their activities on the leaders and make them responsible for all their actions. The fact is that they, subordinates, are unwilling to carry the responsibility.
This irresponsible and underestimated behavior of the followers is a great obstacle in the way of an effective leadership as a leader is unable to focus their attention and energies in carving the best path to the designed goal. However, this challenge can be best tackled by entrusting the followers with some tasks and making them accountable for their actions.
Another way is to divide the subordinates in different teams and then distributing the task among the teams, there must be the leader for the respective teams too. This would carve the bets leadership capabilities in them and would instill the feeling of responsibility.
High And Unreasonable Expectations
A leader may not always be the boss of the entire organization. The person who is given a power to guide even “three” people is a leader too. In these circumstances, there are always some faces who expect some worthy output from him that is neither possible nor reasonable.
Due to these exaggerated expectations, the chances of disappointments increase. The individual is then all the time under pressure and does not feel like being free, leading to the bottled imagination and low creativity.
Making The Real Changes
One of the real challenges that most leaders come across is the step to replace the outdated, close-minded policies with the new one. It is a real challenge and requires true effort as it involves the transformation of the people’s minds.
It demands to put off all the old strategies and policies and introduce the new dimensions and strategies that best cater the diverse needs of today and ensures the brighter future. Moreover, it is in the harmony with the expectations of the followers and of one and all.
All this seems to be quite tough but can be successfully done by keeping the essence of the vision and mission of the organization the same and, then displaying it from diverse point of view to the people around so as to have flexibility in their thinking and approach. The more diverse the approach is, the better the challenge can be overcome and the maximum the result would.
Requires To Be Too Responsible
Leadership is rewarding as well as demanding job, too. Not all leaders are effective leaders for; it requires high effort to be responsible for all the planned actions and its consequences. It has to adapt effectively to the changing situations all the time. Therefore, a leader has to be extraordinarily careful in making a strategy as a single mistake will explode the very basis of success with in no time.
Avoid Being to Bossy
Leader of today has to face the greater challenge as the today’s generation can not tolerate the dictation any more. The harshness of the reality that subordinates are not being heard and their voice is not responded well, engulfs the very existence of them with in no second, hampering their creativity and leads to low commitment by followers.
Leaders have to realize that whatever decision they make, it should be finalized after the full participation and willingness of the followers or else the planned strategy, solely decided by the leader, will not produce the expected results, resulting in damning doom of the organization as a whole.
Conclusion
Leadership is rewarding as well as challenging, too. If the challenges are well identified and are responded well, the thorny obstacles would smooth away in no time, opening a road full of promising accomplishments, unveiling an authentic leader from you!

Effective Leadership

The thorough research on this important phenomenon of effective leadership has resulted in the upsurge of many leadership theories, styles and skills, each guaranteeing the terrific accomplishment of tasks; however, the studies has also reveled that the pursuance of any particular leadership style or theory or having some leadership skills are not enough for this worthy and outstanding job and, a lot more has to be considered and done for the effective leadership.
Each individual is unique and therefore, each leader is unique in its own way. Consequently, each individual has to adopt a distinctive amalgamated form of styles and skills in order to rise as matchless leader in extensively diverse pool.

There are some qualities that form the basis of the effective leadership and so, should be possessed by all.
Flexibility
Flexibility is the universal trait of today’s leader. He has to be flexible in his attitude, behavior and approaches. He must be flexible in the leadership powers, too. The effective leadership stems from the adaptation of leadership style on the basis of the capabilities of the followers and the situation. When the little knowledge is possessed by the subordinates, he must be the sole decision-maker and should guide them at all the steps. He can have shared leadership when the followers have much knowledge about the task and could be relied.
These balances in the styles and attitude determine the leadership influence on the juniors and this very impact of leader judges the victory of the organization or team.
Fully Acknowledged
Being active and fully acknowledging the responsibilities and authorities is an essential trait for a successful leadership. Only when one knows the leadership strengths and the area where he can exercise his authority, the correct goals can be set and visions can be carved ideally and properly.
Creating A Favorable Environment
The leadership can only be fruitful and can have underlying impacts if the favorable working atmosphere is built up, which clearly lights up the goals and the future career of the individual. The resources and the machinery and other input factors should be available for the maximum use. This would create a comfortable and helpful working environment for the followers.
Consultancy With Subordinates
Consulting should be done with all the members while setting the goals.Furthermore; the win-win attitude should only dominate the thoughts of all. This would lead to the mutual consensus that would only promise the unending triumph.
Additionally, the suggestions and ideas of the budding minds should be given their due importance as today’s young generation want their voice to be shared no matter how much distorted the vision is. Moreover, the weekly discussions on the imperative topics, having an immense influence on the individual and organization as whole should be discussed. The crucial decisions, affecting the lives and the future of the followers, should be taken by taking them in to utmost assurance.
Discussion On Work Related Problems
The work related problems should be discusses weekly and the individuals should be encouraged to come up with the critically logical solutions to the challenging problems. They must be rewarded and spurred for their contributions and should be given annual or bi-annual awards and certificates of excellence.
All the same, the important aspect of successful leadership is that leader pay a genuine heed to the problems and grievances of the subordinates. Keenness in the general welfare of the followers and helping them coping the problems would establish an unexplainable closer link between the followers’ and the leaders.
Only when the juniors feel that they are heard and responded and, their life and presence are precious to the leader, they feel like being closer to their leader. This association would ultimately convince them to live up to the expectations of their leader by giving their best.
Time Management
The time management and adhering to the deadlines can pledge the effective leadership, too. The leaders must ensure that at every time the progress in the task should be made to avoid the swift working at the eleventh hour. This leadership skill is vital for the very of survival of leadership.
On the whole, the effective leadership creates the feeling of trust and confidence and accentuates the leadership strengths of all the individuals. It is the source of motivation and inspiration for the subordinates. The effective leadership creates the feeling of trust and confidence and accentuates the leadership strengths of all the individuals. The individual feels like being more productive with the every sunset, and more capable and strong with the every sun rise. The impact of the effective leadership is so deep that the radiant light engulfs the very nook of darkness of the life of the subordinates, and illuminates the way of success!

Do Remember 3 D’s And 3 P’s For Effective Leadership

Leadership is whether a natural or an artificial trait-the discussion is still the burning question of today’s fast pacing world but the research has supported the fact that through adaptation of certain traits and applying skills, we can unveil the leadership qualities hidden inside us and can carve it to the finest possible angle.
Here is “3 D’s And 3 P’s” suggestion that one must adopt along with the necessary traits and characteristics to come up as the distinct leader in the diverse mass.
Determination
The determination to attain the assigned goal in the best possible way is the key requirement to come up as the successful leader. The leader’s attitude affects the behavior of the subordinates and the over all attitudes are quite important for the highest possible production. Commitment and dedication of the authentic leader would be the source of inspiration for the subordinates, enabling the leader to make the best use of their potential.
Discipline
The disciplined thoughts and actions are immensely imperative once you are determined to achieve the organized goal. Only if the thoughts and the efforts are well disciplined and channeled in the most appropriate way, the effectiveness of the decision can be truly guaranteed.
Direction
If the requirement of two D’s is rightly fulfilled, the third “D” of direction can be applied. Once the determination engulfs the very existence of the effective leader and the team and, they have disciplined their actions, the right direction is then the ultimate direction, leading the individual and the leader to the promising horizon of success.
Peace
These 3 D’s concept the fills the atmosphere with the pure feeling of peace, allowing the leader and subordinate to work and concentrate well. The distractions and hastiness are obstacles in the path of success but this very feeling of “peace” originated from the 3 D’s strategy permits you to use the best of your energy to the fullest.
Protection
The precious feeling of peace allows you to experience the thrills of you being protective. Protection is the most important to muster up the energy and the potential of the followers. Only when the subordinates realize that their wealth, life and family are being protected, they would be free from the piercing tensions of life, making it possible from them to give their full attention to the worthy task.
Prosperity
The demanding and well–interlinked chain of determination, discipline, dedication, peace and protection ends at the strong ring of prosperity. Once the efforts and thoughts are well integrated with the vision, the expected success linger in the aura and, with the effective utilization of the valuable human resource, the anticipated triumph becomes the blissful reality, allowing one to experience the lasting impression of prosperity.
The simple but efficient formula of 3 D’s and 3 P’s would allow the leader to come up as the black and white amidst the masses of gray as an authentic, successful leader!

Developing Leadership Skills In Others-The True Example Of The Effective Leadership

If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader. - John Quincy Adams
Ever since the life established on this beautiful planet, millions of authentic leaders have been exported by nature to this planet, who with their sincere, devoted efforts, endeavored to transform this planet into a heaven.
Since then the concept of leadership has evolved and by this time, this phenomenon has become increasingly important as it is the first and foremost necessity to attain success.
The leaders are many but authentic leaders are those written who transform another leader from his subordinates, thus leaving their undeniable impression for all times to come.
How the leader could ensure the upcoming of another effective leader from his subordinates and what strategies he could apply for this long lasting achievement; this article elucidates some easy steps to attain this success.
Coaching And Mentoring
The leader could inculcate the leadership skills by coaching them to head a small team. The leader must divide the whole team in small groups and assign each of them a sub-task .A team Leader should be appointed in that group, who would be responsible for all the activities of his followers and would be accountable for their actions, too.
A firm check should be maintained by the main leader that is the leader of all groups, who check their activities and guide them accordingly.
Establishing A Learning Climate
Few hours in a week should be assigned to the discussion and learning period where the main leader explains the beauty of the skills of effective leadership and also guide them to the road map of achieving them.
The subordinates should be encouraged to come up with queries and suggestions for the fine polishing of leadership qualities. Also, the sharing of experience will unveil the many important ways of achieving the successful leadership.
Guiding Reflections
The hand outs should be issued, unveiling the characteristics of the world’s great leaders, containing their life history. The reflections of their lives would be helpful in learning how they transferred their leadership skills to subordinates. Moreover, their great leadership attributes would come into light, allowing many to learn great lessons from it.
Appraising Performance
This is an important step on the part of the main leader. He must acknowledge the efforts of the sub-leaders in order to further encourage them. Additionally; he must spur the creative thinking of theirs that has made the goal easier and worth-achieving. The more the sub-leaders are supported for their skills and for their steps, taken independently, the more they will trust on their abilities and, each task would unveil the new, creative and critical ideas from them and would allow their personal development.
This critical and creative thinking is immensely indispensable to be developed in others so as to carve the best leader out of them.
Preparing Others for Changes And Challenges
The successful leaders realize the time when they have to be flexible or have to tighten their attitude. The quality is exceptionally important to be infused in the team leaders too for the effective leadership are all about the right decision at right time.
The leader could inculcate this important skill by subjecting them to tough tasks with strict deadlines and, at the same time demands the critical thinking. The facts, figures and the outline of the task should be provided, the rest should be analyzed by the sub-leaders, critical analysis of the facts and the designing of the strategy should solely be done by the sub-leaders.
Every time the new yet challenging task should be entrusted. Consistency in these types of task will eventually make them strong in the face of the increasing challenges and, they would be able to tackle it effectively.
Subjected to such well-defined and structured training, the subordinates will eventually be able to unveil the great leadership traits possessed by them, waiting to be exposed!